Vol. 7, Issue 2, Part B (2025)

In Mali, Acacia nilotica is widely used in traditional medicine to treat numerous diseases, including liver disorders. The objective was to assess the toxicity and analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of infusions of the leafy branches, stem bark, and fruits of this plant. Toxicity was assessed according to OECD guidelines. Analgesic activity of the extracts was evaluated on pain induced in mice or rats by acetic acid, formalin and hot water. Anti-inflammatory effect was determined on edema induced by carrageenan in the paws of rats. The oral infusions at 5000 mg/kg did not cause mortality in rats. The infusion of the stem bark gave the best activity in the different tests carried out. Percentage of inhibition of torsions of this extract was 71.43%, comparable to that of paracetamol at 100 mg/kg. In the late phase of the formalin test, the same extract gave a pain inhibition percentage of 68.14% higher than 66.56% for Acetyl Salicylic Acid at 100 mg/kg. For heat-induced pain, there was a 20.7% reduction in tail withdrawal time from hot water compared to the negative control group. The inflammation inhibition percentages were 58.57; 61.41 and 67.28% respectively at 1 hour, 3 hours and 5 hours after carrageenan injection. Analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties of aqueous extracts of A. nilotica, particularly from the stem bark, can contribute to the management of painful and inflammatory symptoms associated with liver diseases.